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If you have diabetes — Type 1 or Type 2 — your eyes are at significant risk. Diabetic eye disease is the leading cause of preventable blindness in working-age adults. Yet with proper management and regular monitoring, most vision loss from diabetes can be prevented or significantly delayed.
How Diabetes Affects the Eyes
High blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels throughout the body — including those in the retina (the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye). Over time, this can lead to diabetic retinopathy, where these vessels leak, bleed, or grow abnormally, distorting or blocking vision.
Diabetes also significantly increases the risk of cataracts and glaucoma, both of which progress faster in diabetic patients.
Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy
- Non-proliferative retinopathy (early stage): Blood vessels in the retina weaken and may leak fluid or small amounts of blood. Vision may be minimally affected.
- Proliferative retinopathy (advanced stage): The retina grows new, abnormal blood vessels in response to reduced blood flow. These fragile vessels can bleed into the eye, causing severe vision loss.
- Diabetic macular oedema: Fluid leaks into the macula (the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision), causing blurring and distortion.
Why It Often Has No Early Symptoms
This is what makes diabetic eye disease so dangerous. In the early and even moderate stages, there may be no pain and no noticeable vision changes. By the time symptoms appear, significant damage has already occurred. Annual dilated eye exams are your best defence.
What You Can Do
- Control your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol as directed by your doctor
- Book a comprehensive eye exam at least once a year (or more often if recommended)
- Tell your ophthalmologist about any changes in vision, even minor ones
- Don't smoke — smoking dramatically accelerates diabetic eye disease
Our Commitment to Diabetic Eye Care
At Dr. Mickey's Eye Care Centre, we provide thorough retinal assessments for all diabetic patients using the latest imaging technology. Early detection is the most powerful tool we have. Book your diabetic eye exam today.
